Automation Testing Using Selenium

Introduction

• Selenium is a suite of software tools that is used for test automation
• It is an open source suite of tools mainly for functional and regration test automation
• Selenium can be used for various operating system like Windows, Linux, Mac etc.
• It supports various browsers like Mozilla Firefox, IE, Google Chrome, Safari, Opera etc. However, Selenium IDE supports Mozilla Firefox only.
• Selenium supports various programming languages like Java, C#, PHP, Python, Ruby and PERL
• Selenium came into the market in 2004. Later in 2006, Google launched Selenium web driver
• In 2008, Selenium team decided to merge selenium webdriver with selenium Remote Control (RC) and released Selenium 2.0
• Selenium 1 consists of Selenium IDE + Selenium RC + Selenium Grid
• Selenium 2 consists of Selenium IDE + Selenium RC + Selenium Webdrivers + Selenium Grid

Selenium Tool Suite

Selenium is a suite of software tools consists of

• Selenium IDE
• Selenium RC
• Selenium Web drivers
• Selenium Grid

Selenium IDE

It is Firefox plugin used to create and test software. Features of the Selenium IDE includes

• Create Test Cases and Test Suites
• Edit Test Cases
• Execute Test Cases, Test Suites
• Debug Test Cases
• Enhance Test cases
• Export Test Cases to other supporting languages (Java, Ruby, Python etc…)
• Selenium IDE test case default format is .html

Few drawbacks of Selenim IDE includes

• It supports Mozilla Firefox browser only
• It does not support data driven testing
• It is not suitable for complex test case design

Selenium RC

Selenium RC stands for Selenium Remote Control which is outdated by now.

Selenium WebDriver

• This sends commands directly to the web browser and retrieves results. It is a programming interface to create and execute test cases.
• Selenium WebDrivers supports Java, C#, PHP, Python, Ruby, Perl
• Selenium WebDriver supports various operating systems like Windows, Linux, Mac etc
• For the execution of test cases in different browsers, the WebDriver changes but the test cases remain same.

Selenium architecture is given below

Selenium Grid

• Selenium Grid can execute testcases in multiple browsers in multiple operating systems in parallel.
• Selenium Grid is used only for test case execution but not for test case design.

Example

The below sample program opens https://university.mongodb.com/ URL and login using correct credential and incorrect credential

Required software

• Mozilla Firefox
• Eclipse
• JDK 1.8
• Selenium jars frm maven repository.

Steps to Write Selenium Code

• Write a maven project. You can follow my another blog to create maven project.The structure will look like below
  
• Add selenium and junit dependencies in pom.xml

 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.ashish.selenium</groupId>
	<artifactId>SeleniumTesting</artifactId>
	<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	
	<properties>
		<springframework.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
	</properties>
	
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
			<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
			<version>2.53.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
			<scope>compile</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

• Write a test suite SeleniumTestSuite.java

 
package demo;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Suite;

@RunWith(Suite.class)
@Suite.SuiteClasses({
	MongoLoginTest.class
})
public class SeleniumTestSuite {

}

• Write a test case to opens https://university.mongodb.com/ URL and login using correct credential and incorrect credential. MongoLoginTest.java

 
package demo;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

@RunWith(JUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MongoLoginTest {
//	WebDriver driver = null;
	
	@Before
	public void before() {
//		driver = new FirefoxDriver();
//		driver.get("https://university.mongodb.com/");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void successfulLogin() {
		WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
		driver.get("https://university.mongodb.com/");
		
		WebElement signin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@class='nav-panel-top__a' and @href='#']"));
		signin.click();
		
		WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
		WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
		WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name("submit"));
		email.sendKeys("ashismo@gmail.com");
		password.sendKeys("ashish");
		submit.click();
//		driver.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void failedLogin() {
		WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
		driver.get("https://university.mongodb.com/");
		
		WebElement signin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@class='nav-panel-top__a' and @href='#']"));
		signin.click();
		
		WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
		WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
		WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name("submit"));
		email.sendKeys("ashismo@gmail.com");
		password.sendKeys("ashish1");
		submit.click();
//		driver.close();
	}
}